Buying land in Deaf Smith County, Texas: what to check
Deaf Smith County covers 1,497 square miles of land and 2 of water in Texas, with about 18,495 residents in 2024 (down 0.5% since 2020). The 2020 Census counted 100% of its land as rural and 84% of residents as living in urban areas. Farms operate 100% of the county's land. Below: how much of Deaf Smith County floods, what its soils allow, what farmland is worth and how often it's in drought, from free public data with every source linked.
Deaf Smith County at a glance
Hydric (wetland-type) soils
under 1%
About the state's county median (under 1%)
Farm land value, 2022
$1,838/acre
Below the state's county median ($2,782)
What to check before buying land in Deaf Smith County
Ordered by what Deaf Smith County's numbers point to. Every parcel differs, so treat this as where to look first.
1.Budget for a perc test and maybe an engineered septic
USDA rates 70% of Deaf Smith County's mapped soils "very limited" for conventional septic absorption fields and under 1% "not limited".
Without city sewer you need a septic permit from the county or state health department. Make the offer contingent on a passing soil or perc test; mound and aerobic systems can cost several times a conventional one.
2.Prove the water supply before you buy
At least half of Deaf Smith County was in severe drought (D2) or worse in 41% of the 262 weekly U.S. Drought Monitor maps from 2021 to 2026. Texas allocates water by permit or water right, so a well or pond isn't automatic.
Ask whether the land has a public water connection, an existing well (and its log and yield), or neighbors' well depths from the state well database. For a new well, check permits and typical depth with the state agency first.
3.Confirm legal road access and power
The 2020 Census classified 100% of Deaf Smith County's land area as rural.
Rural tracts are often sold without recorded access or a power line nearby. Get the title company to confirm a recorded easement or public road frontage, and ask the electric co-op what a line extension costs.
4.Check the soils if you plan to farm, graze or garden
Farm real estate in Deaf Smith County averaged $1,838 an acre including buildings in the 2022 Census of Agriculture, and 90% of its mapped soils are prime or of statewide importance.
Compare the asking price with recent sales of similar tracts, not the county average, which mixes cropland, pasture, timber and homesites. If an ag tax valuation applies, ask what the rollback taxes would be if you change the use.
5.Confirm the flood zone at your exact spot
under 1% of the county's area is in the 1%-annual-chance (100-year) floodplain FEMA's National Risk Index uses for inland flooding; 1.3% of its mapped soils flood occasionally or frequently.
Even where little of the county floods, creeks and low spots do. Check the FEMA zone at the building site and the driveway route.
6.Rule out wetlands on the part you'll use
About under 1% of Deaf Smith County's mapped soils are hydric (formed under saturated conditions, a federal wetland indicator) and under 1% are poorly or very poorly drained (USDA SSURGO).
Open the National Wetlands Inventory mapper at the parcel. Filling or draining a wetland can need a Clean Water Act Section 404 permit, and wet ground limits septic fields and building pads.
Flood zones, wetlands and water in Deaf Smith County
- Area in the 1%-annual-chance (100-year) floodplain
- under 1%, 62nd lowest of 254 in Texas FEMA National Risk Index
- Mapped soils that flood occasionally or frequently
- 1.3% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
- Hydric soils (a federal wetland indicator)
- under 1% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
- Poorly or very poorly drained soils
- under 1% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
- Surface water (lakes, rivers, reservoirs)
- 2 sq mi Census 2024 Gazetteer Files
- Drought on 2026-10-27
- 0% moderate or worse, 0% severe or worse U.S. Drought Monitor county statistics
The floodplain share is the area FEMA's National Risk Index counts as exposed to inland flooding, mostly mapped 100-year flood zones. It says how common flood-prone land is in Deaf Smith County, not whether a given parcel floods. For that, look up the zone at your exact point on the FEMA Flood Map Service Center or run the free check.
Soils and terrain
- Prime farmland
- 68% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
- Prime only if drained, irrigated or protected
- under 1% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
- Farmland of statewide importance
- 23% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
- Average slope over 15%
- under 1% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
- Very limited for septic absorption fields
- 70% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
- Not limited for septic absorption fields
- under 1% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
Shares of Deaf Smith County's soil-surveyed land (about 957,963 acres, open water excluded), using each map unit's dominant condition in USDA's SSURGO soil survey. Soils change within a few hundred feet, so the soil at your building site is what matters.
Farms and land use
- Farms (2022)
- 663 USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
- Share of the county's land in farms
- 100% USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
- Average farm size
- 1,445 acres (median 500) USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
- Average value of land and buildings
- $1,838 per acre, 82nd lowest of 254 in Texas USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
- Cropland
- 540,253 acres USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
- Pasture and rangeland
- 459,206 acres USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
- Irrigated land
- 115,252 acres USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
Natural hazard ratings
FEMA's National Risk Index rates each hazard for Deaf Smith County relative to every other U.S. county. Overall risk: Relatively Low.
- DroughtRelatively High
- HailRelatively High
- Strong windRelatively High
- Winter weatherRelatively High
- TornadoRelatively Moderate
- LightningRelatively Low
- WildfireRelatively Low
- EarthquakeVery Low
- Heat waveVery Low
- River and inland floodingVery Low
- LandslideVery Low
FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025
Questions about buying land in Deaf Smith County
How much of Deaf Smith County, TX is in a flood zone?
About under 1% of Deaf Smith County's area is in the 1%-annual-chance (100-year) floodplain used by FEMA's National Risk Index (December 2025), 62nd lowest of 254 counties in Texas. Whether a given parcel is in a flood zone depends on its exact location, so check the FEMA map at your pin.
How much does land cost per acre in Deaf Smith County?
The 2022 Census of Agriculture put the average value of farm land and buildings in Deaf Smith County at $1,838 an acre, 82nd lowest of 254 counties in Texas (the median Texas county was $2,782). It's a self-reported average across farms, so small homesites and recreational tracts often sell for more per acre.
Will a septic system work on land in Deaf Smith County?
Often, but test first. USDA soil surveys rate 70% of Deaf Smith County's mapped soils very limited for conventional septic absorption fields, usually because of wetness, slow permeability, shallow rock or flooding. A perc or soil test on the parcel decides what system the health department will permit.
Is there good farmland in Deaf Smith County?
68% of Deaf Smith County's mapped soils are prime farmland, under 1% are prime only if drained, irrigated or protected from flooding, and 23% are farmland of statewide importance (USDA SSURGO). The 2022 Census of Agriculture counted 663 farms averaging 1,445 acres.
How often is Deaf Smith County in drought?
Since 2021, at least half of the county was in severe drought or worse in 41% of weekly U.S. Drought Monitor maps, and in extreme drought in 17%. On 2026-10-27, 0% of the county was in moderate drought or worse.
Can I check a specific property in Deaf Smith County?
Yes. Enter the address or drop a pin anywhere in Deaf Smith County on the free check. It shows which checks return data at that exact point, and the full report costs $29: flood zone, slope, soils, wetlands, roads, power lines, wildfire and more, each with its source. It is a screen of public maps, not a survey, title search or perc test.
Check the parcel, not just the county
County numbers tell you what to look for. The free check looks at your exact point in Deaf Smith County: flood zone, slope, soils, wetlands, roads, power and more. The full report is $29.
What these numbers can't tell you
- County shares describe Deaf Smith County as a whole; a parcel can be entirely in or out of a flood zone, wetland or poor soil.
- It doesn't look at the whole parcel, its boundaries, title, easements, zoning or permits.
- It isn't a survey, appraisal, elevation certificate, soil or perc test, or Phase I environmental site assessment.
- It can't see local distribution power lines, driveways, legal access, wells or mineral rights.
- Maps lag behind the ground, and distances are straight-line, not driving distance.
Sources and vintages
- U.S. Census Bureau, 2024 Gazetteer Files: 2024 files
- U.S. Census Bureau, Vintage 2024 county population estimates: Vintage 2024 (July 1, 2024)
- U.S. Census Bureau, 2020 Census urban and rural classification: 2020 Census
- U.S. Census Bureau, 2024 county adjacency file: 2024
- FEMA National Risk Index: December 2025 release
- USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO): Soil Data Access, queried 2026-10-31
- USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture: 2022 Census of Agriculture (published 2024)
- U.S. Drought Monitor county statistics: weekly maps 2021-10-26 to 2026-10-27
- FEMA Flood Map Service Center: look up your own pin
- USFWS National Wetlands Inventory mapper: look up your own pin
Summarized per county by our build script on 2026-10-31. County figures cover the whole county; checks on the report are at your point.