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Buying land in Putnam County, Missouri: what to check

Putnam County covers 517 square miles of land and 2 of water in Missouri, with about 4,539 residents in 2024 (down 2.9% since 2020). The 2020 Census counted 100% of its land as rural and 0% of residents as living in urban areas. Farms operate 89% of the county's land. Below: how much of Putnam County floods, what its soils allow, what farmland is worth and how often it's in drought, from free public data with every source linked.

Check a location in Putnam CountySee a sample report

Putnam County at a glance

In the 100-year floodplain

7.5%

Below the state's county median (8.3%)

FEMA National Risk Index

Hydric (wetland-type) soils

15%

Above the state's county median (8.4%)

USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)

Soils very limited for septic

100%

USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)

Farm land value, 2022

$3,789/acre

Below the state's county median ($4,462)

USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture

Weeks in severe drought

10%

Share of weekly maps, 2021–2026

U.S. Drought Monitor county statistics

Land classed rural

100%

Census 2020 Census urban and rural classification

What to check before buying land in Putnam County

Ordered by what Putnam County's numbers point to. Every parcel differs, so treat this as where to look first.

  1. 1.Budget for a perc test and maybe an engineered septic

    USDA rates 100% of Putnam County's mapped soils "very limited" for conventional septic absorption fields and 0% "not limited".

    Without city sewer you need a septic permit from the county or state health department. Make the offer contingent on a passing soil or perc test; mound and aerobic systems can cost several times a conventional one.

    Guide: Perc tests and septic systems

  2. 2.Check slope where you'd build and where the driveway goes

    43% of Putnam County's mapped soils have an average slope over 15% (USDA SSURGO).

    Steep ground means grading, retaining walls, longer driveways and erosion control. Compare the slope at the house site and along the access route, not just the parcel average.

    Guide: Terrain and slope

  3. 3.Confirm the flood zone at your exact spot

    7.5% of the county's area is in the 1%-annual-chance (100-year) floodplain FEMA's National Risk Index uses for inland flooding; 17% of its mapped soils flood occasionally or frequently.

    Even where little of the county floods, creeks and low spots do. Check the FEMA zone at the building site and the driveway route.

    Guide: Flood zones before buying land

  4. 4.Confirm legal road access and power

    The 2020 Census classified 100% of Putnam County's land area as rural.

    Rural tracts are often sold without recorded access or a power line nearby. Get the title company to confirm a recorded easement or public road frontage, and ask the electric co-op what a line extension costs.

    Guide: Road access and landlocked land

  5. 5.Check wildfire exposure and insurance

    FEMA rates Putnam County's wildfire risk very low, and 39% of the county's area is in the wildfire exposure zone the National Risk Index uses.

    Ask an insurer for a quote early; some carriers won't write new policies in high-hazard areas. Check access for fire trucks, nearby fire stations and the vegetation around the building site.

    Guide: Wildfire risk for rural land

  6. 6.Check the soils if you plan to farm, graze or garden

    Farm real estate in Putnam County averaged $3,789 an acre including buildings in the 2022 Census of Agriculture, and 40% of its mapped soils are prime or of statewide importance.

    Compare the asking price with recent sales of similar tracts, not the county average, which mixes cropland, pasture, timber and homesites. If an ag tax valuation applies, ask what the rollback taxes would be if you change the use.

    Guide: Land due diligence checklist

Flood zones, wetlands and water in Putnam County

Area in the 1%-annual-chance (100-year) floodplain
7.5%, 47th lowest of 115 in Missouri FEMA National Risk Index
Mapped soils that flood occasionally or frequently
17% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
Hydric soils (a federal wetland indicator)
15% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
Poorly or very poorly drained soils
11% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
Surface water (lakes, rivers, reservoirs)
2 sq mi Census 2024 Gazetteer Files
Drought on 2026-10-27
0% moderate or worse, 0% severe or worse U.S. Drought Monitor county statistics

The floodplain share is the area FEMA's National Risk Index counts as exposed to inland flooding, mostly mapped 100-year flood zones. It says how common flood-prone land is in Putnam County, not whether a given parcel floods. For that, look up the zone at your exact point on the FEMA Flood Map Service Center or run the free check.

Soils and terrain

Prime farmland
8.1% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
Prime only if drained, irrigated or protected
20% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
Farmland of statewide importance
32% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
Average slope over 15%
43% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
Very limited for septic absorption fields
100% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)
Not limited for septic absorption fields
0% USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey (SSURGO)

Shares of Putnam County's soil-surveyed land (about 330,851 acres, open water excluded), using each map unit's dominant condition in USDA's SSURGO soil survey. Soils change within a few hundred feet, so the soil at your building site is what matters.

Farms and land use

Farms (2022)
574 USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
Share of the county's land in farms
89% USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
Average farm size
515 acres (median 200) USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
Average value of land and buildings
$3,789 per acre, 29th lowest of 114 in Missouri USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
Cropland
150,873 acres USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
Pasture and rangeland
104,050 acres USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
Woodland on farms
40,219 acres USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture
Irrigated land
10 acres USDA NASS, 2022 Census of Agriculture

Natural hazard ratings

FEMA's National Risk Index rates each hazard for Putnam County relative to every other U.S. county. Overall risk: Very Low.

  • DroughtRelatively Moderate
  • LandslideRelatively Moderate
  • HailRelatively Low
  • Heat waveRelatively Low
  • Strong windRelatively Low
  • TornadoRelatively Low
  • EarthquakeVery Low
  • HurricaneVery Low
  • River and inland floodingVery Low
  • LightningVery Low
  • WildfireVery Low
  • Winter weatherVery Low

FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025

Questions about buying land in Putnam County

How much of Putnam County, MO is in a flood zone?

About 7.5% of Putnam County's area is in the 1%-annual-chance (100-year) floodplain used by FEMA's National Risk Index (December 2025), 47th lowest of 115 counties in Missouri. Whether a given parcel is in a flood zone depends on its exact location, so check the FEMA map at your pin.

How much does land cost per acre in Putnam County?

The 2022 Census of Agriculture put the average value of farm land and buildings in Putnam County at $3,789 an acre, 29th lowest of 114 counties in Missouri (the median Missouri county was $4,462). It's a self-reported average across farms, so small homesites and recreational tracts often sell for more per acre.

Will a septic system work on land in Putnam County?

Often, but test first. USDA soil surveys rate 100% of Putnam County's mapped soils very limited for conventional septic absorption fields, usually because of wetness, slow permeability, shallow rock or flooding. A perc or soil test on the parcel decides what system the health department will permit.

Is there good farmland in Putnam County?

8.1% of Putnam County's mapped soils are prime farmland, 20% are prime only if drained, irrigated or protected from flooding, and 32% are farmland of statewide importance (USDA SSURGO). The 2022 Census of Agriculture counted 574 farms averaging 515 acres.

How often is Putnam County in drought?

Since 2021, at least half of the county was in severe drought or worse in 10% of weekly U.S. Drought Monitor maps, and in extreme drought in under 1%. On 2026-10-27, 0% of the county was in moderate drought or worse.

Can I check a specific property in Putnam County?

Yes. Enter the address or drop a pin anywhere in Putnam County on the free check. It shows which checks return data at that exact point, and the full report costs $29: flood zone, slope, soils, wetlands, roads, power lines, wildfire and more, each with its source. It is a screen of public maps, not a survey, title search or perc test.

Check the parcel, not just the county

County numbers tell you what to look for. The free check looks at your exact point in Putnam County: flood zone, slope, soils, wetlands, roads, power and more. The full report is $29.

Check a location in Putnam County

What these numbers can't tell you

  • County shares describe Putnam County as a whole; a parcel can be entirely in or out of a flood zone, wetland or poor soil.
  • It doesn't look at the whole parcel, its boundaries, title, easements, zoning or permits.
  • It isn't a survey, appraisal, elevation certificate, soil or perc test, or Phase I environmental site assessment.
  • It can't see local distribution power lines, driveways, legal access, wells or mineral rights.
  • Maps lag behind the ground, and distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

Sources and vintages

Summarized per county by our build script on 2026-10-31. County figures cover the whole county; checks on the report are at your point.